7/13/2007

Examples of air ions

Here are some examples of air ions found at or near the surface of the earth.

(1) Negative air ions
Electrons are released from molecules in the air when radiant or cosmic rays in the atmosphere collide with the molecules. These electrons are absorbed by molecules (e.g. oxygen or carbon dioxide) in the air to form negative ions. Actually, they combine with water molecules to exist stably.

Here are some examples of small negative ions.
Oxide molecule ion: O2- + (H2O)n
Carbon dioxide ion: CO3- + (H2O)n
Nitric acid ion: NO3- + (H2O)n
"-" of O2-/CO3-/NO3- means a neutral molecule in the air has received an electron.

"n" of (H2O)n shows the number of water molecules and it changes depending on humidity.

A large negative ion is formed when a small ion is absorbed by a larger particle.

(2) Generation of positive ion
The Oxonium ion is the most well known positive air ion. It is formed when hydrogen ions combine with water molecules.
Oxonium ion: H3O+ + (H20)n
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